＜p＞This is a book for everyone in this world. Everybody must have known or heard that it is healthy, but some people do not pay attention to their health in today's runaway life, which keeps them falling sick again and again, but I am going to give some information in this BOOK.＜br /＞ The writing of a preface is perhaps superfluous for a book which has had a large and steady sale for nearly twenty years, and which has evidently met with the approval of a large constituency. A few words of introduction appear, however, desirable in view of the facts that the present edition has been almost entirely re-written; that a large amount of new matter has been introduced; and that, so far as is known, the comments on each subject represent the most recent and authoritative knowledge upon it.＜br /＞ An attempt has been made to meet the requirements of medical students, as well as of science students and general readers, for whom former editions were chiefly intended. A large class of medical students and practitioners do not require a detailed statement of the subject contained in the larger text-books. For them, and, it is hoped, also for a large number of candidates for diplomas in public health and in sanitary science, the present edition will prove to be useful. At the same time, the subject has been treated as non-technically as is consistent with accuracy, in order to retain its suitability for non-medical readers. A large number of new illustrations have been introduced.＜br /＞ The new chapters dealing with Dietetics, Trade Nuisances, Meteorological Observations, Tuberculosis, Disinfection, and Vital Statistics will, it is believed, enhance the value of the book.＜br /＞ Attention is also drawn to the solutions of mathematical problems in the different branches of hygiene, of which a table of contents is given on page viii.＜br /＞ In its new form, it is hoped that this work will be found to have retained its value as a plain and straightforward account of its subject for the general public and for science students; and to have become a practical guide to sanitary inspectors and to medical students, whether preparing for a diploma in public health or studying hygiene as an important branch of medicine. The use of smaller type for a special technical matter of less general interest will facilitate discriminative reading.＜br /＞ ARTHUR NEWSHOLME.＜br /＞ Brighton,＜br /＞ February 28th, 1902.＜br /＞ vii＜br /＞ TABLE OF CONTENTS.＜br /＞ Chapter. PAGE＜br /＞ I. ーIntroductory 1＜br /＞ II. ーFood 4＜br /＞ III. ーThe Varieties of Food 9＜br /＞ IV. ーDiseases due to Food 23＜br /＞ V. ーDiet 29＜br /＞ VI. ーThe Preparation and Preservation of Food 38＜br /＞ VII. ーCondiments and Beverages 45＜br /＞ VIII. ーFermented Drinks 55＜br /＞ IX. ーWater 65＜br /＞ X. ーThe Storage and Delivery of Water 74＜br /＞ XI. ーImpurities of Water 78＜br /＞ XII. ーOrigin and Effects of the Impurities of Water 89＜br /＞ XIII. ーThe Purification of Water 94＜br /＞ XIV. ーComposition and Properties of Air 100＜br /＞ XV. ーSuspended Impurities of Air 105＜br /＞ XVI. ーGaseous and Other Impurities of Air 111＜br /＞ XVII. ーTrade Nuisances 120＜br /＞ XVIII. ーThe Examination of Air 125＜br /＞ XIX. ーThe Purification of Air 129＜br /＞ XX. ーGeneral Principles of Ventilation 132＜br /＞ XXI. ーProblems as to Ventilation 137＜br /＞ XXII. ーMethods of Ventilation 146＜br /＞ XXIII. ーVentilation by the Introduction of Warmed Air 155＜br /＞ XXIV. ーThe Warming of Houses 158＜br /＞ XXV. ーHouse Drainage 165＜br /＞ XXVI. ーCesspools and Main Sewers 183＜br /＞ XXVII. ーProblems as to Flow in Sewers 187＜br /＞ XXVIII. ーThe Disposal of Sewage 190＜br /＞ XXIX. ーConservancy Methods 194＜br /＞ XXX. ーPosition of the House 201＜br /＞ XXXI. ーThe Materials used in the construction of a House 205＜br /＞ XXXII. ーConstruction of the House 209＜br /＞ XXXIII. ーThe Soil 219＜br /＞ XXXIV. ーClimate and Weather 227viii＜br /＞ XXXV. ーMeteorological Observations 237＜br /＞ XXXVI. ーPersonal Hygiene 245＜br /＞ XXXVII. ーPersonal HygieneーExercise 249＜br /＞ XXXVIII. ーPersonal HygieneーRest and Sleep 257＜br /＞ XXXIX. ーPersonal HygieneーCleanliness 260＜br /＞ XL. ーClothing 265＜br /＞ XLI. ーParasites 273＜br /＞ XLII. ーThe R?le of Insects in Spreading Disease 281＜br /＞ XLIII. ーInfective Diseases 284＜br /＞ XLIV. ーAcute Infective Diseases 291＜br /＞ XLV. ーTuberculosis 309＜br /＞ XLVI. ーNotification and Isolation 317＜br /＞ XLVII. ーDisinfection 324＜br /＞ XLVIII. ーVital Statistics 335＜br /＞ SPECIAL TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR ARITHMETICAL PROBLEMS IN HYGIENE.＜br /＞ PAGE＜br /＞ Problems in Milk Analysis 12＜br /＞ Problems in Dietetics 35＜br /＞ Problems in Water Analysis 86＜br /＞ Problems in Air Analysis 126＜br /＞ Problems as to Ventilation 137＜br /＞ Problems as to Flow in Sewers 187＜br /＞ Problems in Meteorology 242＜br /＞ Problems as to Work 254＜br /＞ Problems in Vital Statistics 336＜br /＞ About the Author:＜br /＞ Sir Arthur Newsholme KCB FRCP (10 February 1857 ? 17 May 1943) was a leading British public health expert during the Victorian era. He was born at Haworth and died at Worthing. He recalled talking with people who had known the Bront? family. He was educated in Haworth and Keighley; entered St Thomas' Hospital, London, 1875＜br /＞ His mother was widowed at a young age. Newsholme strongly advocated the improvement of public health by state intervention, such as national health insurance, sanitary measurement, hospitals, and sanatoriums for the isolation of persons with a contagious disease. Some of these proposals for public health interventions were described in a seminal paper in 1919, with the following abstract:＜br /＞ "There is much illness that might have been avoided if there had been an organized system of state medicine," says Sir Arthur Newsholme, speaking of England. He would give a freer hand to the health officer who measures up to the standard. England's chief defect lies in the existence of small and inefficient local health bodies.＜br /＞ Newsholme lived through a time wherein England, and many other countries in the western world saw a demographic transition characterized by the exponential growth of the population since halfway the nineteenth century, which he explained both by a rise in fertility and mortality since the early nineteenth century, followed by a decline of mortality since halfway the nineteenth century followed by a decline in fertility after 1875. In his 1911 book on The Declining Birth-Rate he ascertained:＜br /＞ There is no reasonable doubt that the decline in the birth-rate, which is one of the most striking features of the last thirty years, has been principally caused by volitional regulation of the size of the family.'＜br /＞ He realized that the decline in the birth-rate was both be seen as a threat and an advantage:＜br /＞ The population question, in particular, is one in which thoughtful men have alternatively been racked by fears of depopulation or, at least, stagnation of population and of the excessive growth of population.'＜br /＞ Although a decrease in birth-rate could (and would) eventually results in a stagnation of population growth, and although the reasons to volitionally regulate the size of the family may sometimes have been 'selfish', the effect will eventually be beneficial to the development and prosperity of the population. Time proved that he was right:＜br /＞ It would not be fair to omit from consideration what is probably one of the chief factors tending to restrict families. This is the desire of parents with small incomes to educate their children more satisfactorily than they themselves were educated, and to give their children the means for rising in the social scale.' Source: Wikipedia＜/p＞画面が切り替わりますので、しばらくお待ち下さい。

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